Phytophthora is able to destroy about 80% of tomato plantings in a greenhouse, the fight against it does not always give a sustainable result, because fungal spores can persist for a long time in the soil. In connection with these features of the disease, new hybrids were developed, characterized by high resistance at the genetic level to the fungus. Read about the most popular varieties of late blight resistant tomatoes for greenhouse cultivation.
Features and manifestations of late blight
Spores of the fungus persist for a long time in the soil, tree bark, last year's foliage and other plant debris. When favorable conditions for reproduction appear, bacteria begin to spread actively and produce their own kind. Distribution occurs due to the transfer of spores:
- by the wind;
- pests;
- garden tools;
- water for irrigation.
Incubation lasts from 3 to 16 days. The initial stage of the disease can proceed unnoticed, as the bushes are affected in different time intervals. First of all, the stem and foliage are affected below. Gray-brown areas appear on them, which cover an increasingly large area of the plant. With high humidity, a white coating may appear on the inside of the sheet, having a fluffy structure - this is the spore of the fungus.Did you know? There are much more vitamins and minerals in red varieties of tomatoes than in yellow ones.
From the green part, the disease passes to the fruits. It can affect both green and ripe specimens. The fruits are deformed, covered with vague spots of dark color from gray to almost black. Fruits initially have a solid structure, and in the affected parts they are usually harder than in healthy ones. A little later, the process of decay begins, in places where the spots are located, softening is observed. The pulp of the fetus begins to exude a characteristic putrefactive odor.
The ailment can manifest itself not only on the fruits located on the branches, but also on the harvest, harvested long before the first symptoms, when laying on ripening. Without the use of fungicides, the economic loss in this case will be over 70%.
Causes of late blight
Phytophthora develops in a warm, humid environment. The progression of the disease in the greenhouse is observed with violations of agricultural regulations:
- improper watering too much;
- increased humidity in the room;
- lack of full tillage in preparation for planting;
- neglect of the rules for disinfection of planting material;
- refusal of loosening the soil;
- refusal to pinch bottom sheets;
- neglect of quarantine standards for new plants;
- lack of sufficient potassium, calcium, phosphorus in the soil;
- non-observance of crop rotation rules;
- the difference in night and day temperature with a gap between the indicators of 8 ° C;
- thickening of landings;
- soil acidification.
Did you know? “Wolf peach” - this was the name given to tomatoes by Karl Linney, convinced that the solanine content in the fruits makes them as poisonous as beladonna and potato berries. Only after some time, scientists found that solanine in tomatoes breaks down into harmless compounds as it ripens.
Control and Prevention Measures
The main steps in identifying a disease:
- Eliminate all affected parts of the plants.
- Powder the sections with wood ash in combination with foundationazole (1: 1).
- Adjust humidity mode. If the soil is too wet, you can try to remove the top 5 cm of soil and replace them with a mixture of sand and peat + 20% wood ash.
- After 10 days, you need to re-process. You can use wood ash with foundationazole and powder the soil, as well as the plants themselves.
To prevent and increase the resistance of plants to bacteria, immediately after planting the plants in the greenhouse, you can use a solution of whey. Depending on the percentage of acidity and fat, it is diluted 1: 1 or 1: 3 with water.Magazine non-acidic whey with a fat content of 1% or lower can not be bred at all. This treatment will not only protect the plants from the fungus, but also provide the ground part with the necessary nutrients. In addition to treating plants and soil in polycarbonate greenhouses, you need to disinfect the walls. It is advisable to perform such events several times a year using a 1% solution of copper sulfate.
The most correct option is to choose varieties resistant to late blight, designed for greenhouses. This approach is especially relevant for the Moscow region, where humidity is almost impossible to control.
Important! The claimed resistance to late blight for all varieties of tomatoes is relevant only in the case of the organization of proper care of plantings and preventive measures.
Varieties of tomatoes for the greenhouse, resistant to late blight
For areas constantly suffering from high humidity, a number of tomato species were developed with varying degrees of resistance to fungal infections, including late blight. They are selected according to several criteria:
- productivity;
- ripening dates;
- height of adult plants;
- frost resistance;
- susceptibility to temperature extremes.
Basically, all such varieties are represented by hybrid forms. They are characterized by high resistance to a large number of diseases due to heterosis. In addition, hybrid varieties are characterized by a friendly return on harvest. Modern hybrids do not differ in taste from varietal tomatoes at all.The little Prince
The variety under consideration is considered an early species and ripens in 93–95 days. Suitable not only for polycarbonate greenhouses, but also for film shelters, as well as open ground. Plants of standard, determinant type, grow to 45 cm.
The fruits are small, weighing 50 g, round, smooth, scarlet. Rip together. The yield in an unheated film greenhouse is 5 kg / m². In terms of use, the fruits are universal.
Lark
The ultra-early hybrid Lark ripens in 80 days. Bushes are determinant, quite tall. Reach a height of 90 cm. Need a garter. After 4 brushes, growth stops, and the subsequent crop is formed on the stepsons. In each bunch, up to 6 tomatoes are formed. A distinctive feature of this species is the ability to produce crops even in adverse conditions, combined with high resistance to late blight.
The fruits are bright red, smooth, rounded. The weight of one fruit is 110–120 g. Productivity per m² is 12 kg.
Gnome
The mid-late Gnome variety ripens in 120 days. The maximum height of the plants of the determinant type is 50 cm. The gnome is unpretentious, resistant to adverse climatic conditions, which allows it to be grown in the middle strip under film shelters, in greenhouses, as well as in open ground. The dwarf brings a stable yield of 5.5 kg / m² even in poor conditions.
Fruits are small, round, bright red. The weight of one copy is 50 g. The crop tolerates transportation well, is stored for a long time, and is suitable for the production of tomato, pasta, and whole preservation. Taste is high.
Did you know? Thanks to the presence of coloring red pigment, fresh juicy pulp of a tomato can save you from the consequences of inept actions of a hairdresser. If the hair has acquired a greenish tint, it can be neutralized by applying a mask of tomato paste for 20 minutes.
Oak
The early ripe tomato Dubok ripens in 85–100 days. The determinant bush reaches a height of 40-60 cm. It is characterized by complete resistance to the main diseases of solanaceae.
Productivity with m² is 6 kg. Fruits have a rounded shape, slightly flattened in the upper and lower parts. Painted in red. The weight of the berries varies between 50–100 g. In terms of application, the fruits are universal.
Orange miracle
An early ripe tomato variety ripens in 100 days. Bushes are semi-determinant. They reach a height of 1–1.2 m. They need shaping and garter. Each brush includes 5-6 fruits. In total, each bush forms 7-8 fruitful brushes.
Fruits are medium sized 250 g each. Painted in bright orange. They are distinguished by high taste. When transported, they are not damaged, they are stored for a long time.
De barao
The mid-late De Barao tomato ripens in 120–130 days. Bushes indeterminate not standard. They grow up to 2 m tall, so they need a high-quality strong support. As they grow on the bush, new fruitful branches mature. With proper agricultural technology in open ground, the variety bears fruit until the frosts. In greenhouse conditions, the fruiting period can last even longer. Productivity with m² is 16 kg.
Fruits are medium and small sized 50-120 g. They have an interesting taste. Suitable for making jam, salting, canning, production of sauces.
Carotinka
A medium early tomato variety Karotinka ripens in 100-110 days. Bushes are determinant. Grow up to a maximum of 50 cm.
The fruits are small, 40-60 g. They have an oval elongated shape, painted in bright orange. Given the small size of the plants, the variety shows a rather high fruitfulness of 5 kg / m².
Cardinal
The mid-early hybrid Cardinal yields fruit within 95–120 days from the appearance of the seedlings. The main advantage of the variety is high cold resistance and immunity to a sharp change in temperature.
Bushes are determinant. They reach a height of 1.6–2 m. They need garter, stepsoning and shaping pruning. The fruiting period is long. At the site of each inflorescence, 5–7 large raspberry-pink fruits are formed. Their weight ranges from 200–600 g. Productivity per m² is 16 kg per season. Fruits are resistant to mechanical damage, are not suitable for canning in general. Suitable for tomato and sauces, have good fresh tastes.
Resonance
Early ripening culture ripens in 90 days from the appearance of the first seedlings. It is characterized by high resistance to adverse environmental conditions - heat, drought, increased humidity.
Indeterminate bushes reach a height of 1–1.5 m. A fairly large number of round red fruits grow on the bushes. The weight of one copy is 300 g. Tomatoes are approximately the same in size. It is well transported, characterized by a long shelf life in fresh form. The taste of the products is high. Regarding use, Resonance refers to universal varieties.
Undersized varieties of tomato
For growing small rooms, it is better to give preference to undersized varieties of tomato. Also, these varieties will be relevant when growing several different types of plants in one greenhouse.
Important! Growing several varieties of tomatoes or plants that require different microclimate conditions at once, in the greenhouse you need to divide the territory into separate zones.
Alaska
Alaska is equally well suited for seedling cultivation, both in greenhouses and in open ground. An early hybrid matures in 85–100 days. Bushes are determinant, reaching a height of 50 cm. They need garter and moderate pinching. Productivity is 2 kg per bush. The variety is resistant to most solanaceous diseases.
Fruits of bright red color have a rounded shape. A distinctive feature of the variety is a quick set of fruit sweets. The fruits in terms of use are universal.
Bullfinch
The Bullfinch early variety ripens in 90 days from the moment of crops. A distinctive feature of the variety under consideration is the ability to fully develop in a cool climate. The variety can be grown even in shading, which gives gardeners the opportunity to harvest all year round by sowing planting material in a winter greenhouse. Plants practically do not get sick. They are determinant non-standard bushes with a height of 30–40 cm. They do not need garter and stepsoning.
With their small dimensions, the bushes form quite large fruits, weighing 250 g. The ripened tomatoes turn bright red. They have excellent taste and marketability.
Yamal
The variety under consideration is quite compact. The plant itself, before the appearance of the first fruits on it, has a high decorative value. The variety perfectly survives not only in greenhouses, but also in apartments. From the time of sowing to complete ripening of the fruit, 110 days pass. 
The height of the plants does not exceed 50 cm. The first fruits differ in larger sizes than the subsequent ones. The weight of the tomato varies between 90-100 g. They are painted in a brownish-red color. Differ in high quality of taste. Universal to use. They perfectly tolerate transportation and are characterized by good keeping quality.
Benito
Refers to high-yielding medium-term ripening - the fruits begin to collect after 120 days. The bushes are determinant shtambovye, reaching a height of 50 cm. 5-7 fruits of plum form are formed in the brushes. Their weight is an average of 130 g. The yield per plant is 8 kg. Tomatoes in the stage of physical maturity turn a deep red color.
The taste qualities of the variety are high. By scope of use refers to universal types.
Rose of Wind
The variety under consideration is characterized by very high resistance to temperature extremes, cold, heat, drought and high humidity. The fruits ripen in 90-100 days. The determinant bushes do not exceed 50 cm in height. They do not need pinching, shaping and garter. Productivity with m² is 7 kg.
Brushes are formed from 5-6 fruits of a flat-rounded shape, pink-raspberry color. The fruitful period lasts 2.5–3 months. The fruits have excellent taste and are suitable for the preparation of any culinary delights, as well as winter preparations.
New varieties of late blight resistant tomatoes
Breeders do not stop there and try to bring their work to perfection. As a result of such work, the latest hybrid varieties appear, characterized by an even higher degree of resistance to late blight and other characteristic diseases for solanaceous crops.
Important! Hybrid varieties are completely irrelevant to genetic engineering. They are obtained through breeding work based on the cross-breeding of several similar cultures, and not on the introduction of unnatural genes for tomatoes.
Schelkovsky early
The determinant shtambovy bush reaches a height of 35 cm. The fruits are ready for use 85–95 days after germination. Collected in brushes of 6 pieces. They are distinguished by a small mass - a maximum of 60 g. They have an oval-rounded shape with a small sharp nose at the end. Painted in raspberry red. Possess high palatability. In terms of use, they are universal.
Flame
The ripening period of the Flame fruit is 85–90 days. Bushes of medium height - 1 m. Do not need to pinch and form. The main advantages of the variety are the ability to tolerate shading, temperature changes, as well as resistance to most diseases.
In one brush formed 7 fruits of a rounded shape, red. The fruits have a bright taste. In terms of use, they are universal.
North
It belongs to the most stable and popular varieties throughout Russia. He is not afraid even of the Siberian climate conditions. The variety bears fruit well both in the greenhouse and in open ground. The maximum fruit ripening period is 95 days. The height of the determinant bush is up to 75 cm. Each bush gives 4 kg of fruit per season.
Fruits are flat-round, ribbed. The degree of ribbing increases to the peduncle. Tomatoes are painted in brown-red color. In terms of use, they belong to universal types.
Snow Leopard
Refers to early ripe hybrid varieties. Ripens in 100–110 days. Ideal for cultivation in the northern cool regions.
The maximum height of the bush is 60 cm. Tomatoes are red, large, flat-round, 200-300 g each, so the bushes need high-quality support. Tomato Snow leopard has good taste characteristics and is universal in use.
Money bag
The early ripening variety ripens in 90–100 days. Tomatoes are not affected by late blight due to rapid ripening. The variety is characterized by high germination of seeds - 97%.
The bush is indeterminate, can reach 1.8 m in height. Needs garter and shaping. On the stems up to 7 brushes are formed, including 10-15 fruits. Tomatoes are painted red, oval elongated, weighing 100 g on average. The taste of the crop is high. The use is universal.
Novosibirsk red
An early ripe hybrid ripens in 90 days. It can perfectly develop in greenhouse conditions and in open ground, even in the northern regions.
The bushes are medium-sized, up to 80 cm, cuboid in shape. Tomatoes are not too large for 90 g in weight, red in color with a dense structure. They are used fresh and for salting.
Phytophthora is a serious fungal disease that can destroy most of the crop. The most rational solution in the fight against this problem is the selection of planting material, characterized by high resistance to temperature extremes, high humidity and late blight.Did you know? Tomatoes become healthier after heat treatment. The amount of lycopene - a powerful antioxidant that the human body has nowhere to get, except, as from food, increases with heat treatment.
