Improvement of a personal country house, suburban housing or private housing in the city is an excellent occupation for the real owner. When there is a desire to create a cozy terrace, a gazebo or to elevate a veranda with a railing, the corresponding questions arise: what material is needed, what is the design for creating a fence and other nuances. The answers are in this article.

Rules for arranging a terrace or porch with a fence

The fencing of the terrace should be both beautiful and practical. It performs several functions: prevents loss, completes a concise look, serves to organize the space.

Features of the device of the railing on the terrace depend on the materials chosen. For example, a wooden fence is made in the following ways:

• horizontal direction of jumpers;
• vertical version of the supporting elements;
• Cross view of balusters and other holding parts.

The asymmetric option for installing elements is very interesting. It is carried out with the most accurate calculations, using the help of masters. The frame serves as the basis: its supports are located horizontally, the handrails are vertical, and the balusters are to the taste of the owner and the builder’s idea.

Pay attention to the height of the railing, which is fixed in the supports. The basic rule that meets safety standards is compliance with such a standard size: 1–1.2 m. This figure corresponds approximately to the level of the abdomen of an adult.

The gaps between the supports are calculated according to the weight of the structure, the selected material, and also according to the principle of protecting the child: children should not be able to climb through the fence.

Types of fencing for the veranda

The design of the fence can perform one of the main functions: decorative or protective. For protection, a closed version is used. It blocks this view not only from loss, but also from wind and dust.

Decorative fencing should be consistent with the overall design of the home. You can select various interesting materials that match the stylistic image of the building. All details can serve only as an adornment - after all, they are chosen precisely for this purpose.

The choice of material for the railing

It is very important to understand that the materials offered on the market each have their own functionality and peculiarity. There are artificial (synthetic) types and natural.

Important! The optimal location for the terrace in the middle latitude of Russia is the southern direction.

The first are represented by such species:

1. Wood-polymer composite - KDP. White or brown, resembling a tree. It is durable, not fading in the sun, not damp, not demanding in care.
2. Polyvinyl chloride - PVC. Cheap, easy, diverse. The downside is fragility.

Natural types of materials:

1. Wrought iron. It is important to calculate the weight of the structure.
2. Metal parts. They can be combined with other species.
3. A rock. Suitable for sturdy terraces, heavy.
4. Wooden structures. Universal type with one minus: it is demanding in care, subject to the influence of natural phenomena.
5. Bamboo. This is the strongest and easiest option, it can convey the builder's special imagination.
6. Laminated and tempered glass. Perfect for keeping an overview of areas where protection from dust and wind is required.
7. Monolithic or cellular polycarbonate. The material is lightweight, inexpensive, transparent.
8. Ropes and cables. They can be made of stainless steel. They are pulled around the perimeter.

Most often they still use a wooden fence. However, such a material has extremely different characteristics. Wood is divided into two main types: soft and hard. The second type is excellent in quality: it is least affected by the environment due to its high density.

However, it will be possible to use it only for protective terraces, because it is possible to decorate hardwood only with special tools. The soft form can be molded much better, however, it absorbs moisture and requires constant care.

Did you know? Linoleum seems to be a thing of recent times. However, his prototype takes its roots from the 18th century and is associated with the name of Nathan Smith, who patented the oiled canvas.

Carpenters and construction experts recommend choosing these breeds:

• larch (it has all the properties of hard rocks);
• ash (more susceptible to natural factors);
• heat treated spruce;
• oak (which is quite expensive, but ideal as a material);
• Bamboo (durable and beautiful).

How to make a wooden fence with your own hands

The whole railing design has a simple device. All main sections are connected, attached to each other. The necessary elements are:

• bearing supports;
• handrails;
• balusters.

The implementation of the frame and the following parts is possible only if there is a finished floor. Handrails of the fence are divided into closed (save from rain and snow, wind and dust), made of glass and polycarbonate, and open (decorative, framing the space).

For reasons of ease of installation and affordable cost of materials, as well as in connection with their variety, it is not difficult to build a wooden floor with your own hands. Often the owners of private houses and country houses independently engage in the construction of fences for the veranda or terrace.

1- supporting profile; 2- supporting porphyry; 3 - a profile of a handrail of KDP; 4- intermediate profile; 5- pillar cover; 6- connector for the railing; 7- pillar reinforcement; 8- nylon lower edging; 9- latch intermediate profile; 10- steel corner

Necessary materials and tools

The first necessary thing is to make a list of all the necessary elements. This is not only the wood itself, its indicators and sizes, which correspond to the developed plan, but also the most important tools for the work.

Important! It should be understood that all varnishes and other products must be environmentally friendly, otherwise fumes can enter the human respiratory tract.

Need to purchase:

• glue for wood of the D4 + brand;
• polished wooden elements;
• the varnish with which they are coated;
• antiseptic agents for treating wood supports (not needed for larch);
• a jigsaw, lathe or other tools, if necessary, give an ornate carved shape;
• project drawing or its 3D modeling;
• anchor bolts, threaded rods for attaching the supporting structure to the floor (support posts).

Step-by-step railing manufacturing instructions

Available instruction recommended by specialists for building a fence is presented by the following points:

1. The formation of the project. Consideration should be given to the appearance, compliance with the style of the whole house, its balconies and stairs, the height of the supports and their step.
2. Choosing the right material, fasteners and tools.
3. Assembly of the entire structure.
4. Mandatory treatment of wood and metal parts with anticorrosive, antifungal and antiseptic agents.

Installation

As soon as the terrace floors are ready, complete preparation for the manufacture of the fencing construction assembly has been completed, you can safely proceed to the work.

Further, it is customary to adhere to such an instruction:

1. Attach the support posts to the floor covering.
2. Make nests for balusters (and already these elements need to be greased with glue).
3. Fix the railing.
4. Then treat the used material with special tools and varnish.

Important! The basic requirements for handrails are as follows: their height is not lower than 50 cm, load bearing — up to 100 kg / m.

Processing and Finishing

It is important to process metal elements with all available and convenient for you means that resist corrosion. Humidity and precipitation always affect the state of natural materials.

Wood also needs such finishing work:

• polishing;
• varnishing;
• processing the necessary compounds that prevent the spread of fungi, bacteria and moisture.

Almost all wooden parts need not only primary protection immediately after installation, but also further care. After all, natural phenomena somehow harm the wood. Dense rocks are less susceptible to moisture, but their duration should be extended by finishing.

Water-repellent mixtures are as follows:

• oil or water based;
• on an organic solvent;
• combined.

The last two types better than others support the state of the wooden structure.

Did you know? The most spectacular project is in Tokyo: this is the so-called “NA House” by Sou Fujimoto - a completely transparent glass multi-storey apartment with several small compartments.

Advantages and disadvantages of wooden structures

• Unconditional advantages of using wood are:
• the beauty of the material;
• its lightness;
• ease of use;
• cheapness.

However, wood is more susceptible to the negative effects of moisture. It burns very well. Combined wood impregnation and processing mixtures help withstand combustible quality. Wooden elements are demanding care: they should be treated with special tools, carefully sanded and constantly updating the varnish coating or use paint. Otherwise, over time, the material simply loses its natural shade, becomes dry, more fragile, or, conversely, fades.

Terrace fence care

Properly impregnated wood at the initial stage, a sufficiently long period of time will not need care. However, under conditions of high humidity or mechanical damage, it will need to be processed again.

The remaining materials should be wiped away from dust and dirt. Open areas are exposed to wind and dust. If their condition becomes very worn out, and this happens with all external elements, then specific details and parts of the support can simply be replaced.

The metal structure is special. It is important to paint, it protects against rust. And the painting update should be periodic. Steel fences are treated with anti-corrosion agents that protect the fence for a long time.

With your own hands you can make a fence for the terrace. It is quite simple to perform the necessary work, having previously familiarized yourself with the features of specific materials. It is important to remember the style and weight of the structure. To build a lightweight structure with a simple porch or to come up with and create ornate railings yourself or with the help of experienced builders - choose for yourself. Let your plans come true and your work be enjoyable.